10th Social Notes (Indian Land Resources)

10^th Indian Land Resources

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.

1. The land which is not used for cultivation is called Fallow land.
2. A system of farming involving both crops and livestock is known as Mixed farming.
3. The crops grown in between the Kharif and Rabi season are called Zaid crops.
4. The largest rice producing state in India West Bengal.

II. Answer the following after discussing them in groups.

1. What is meant by land use pattern?
Ans: The distribution of land for different uses such as forestry, cultivation, pastures etc is called ‘Land use’ or “Land utilization.”

 

2. What is plantation farming? Give examples.
Ans: It refers to the cultivation of single crop on large estates for the market. It requires more labour and capital. Tea, coffee, rubber and coconut are the important plantation crops of India.

 

3. Distinguish between the Kharif and Rabi crop season.
Ans: The Rabi and Kharif crop season are distinguished as follows:

	The Rabi	The Kharif
i)	The sowing takes place in October – November.	The sowing takes place in June- July
ii)	This sowing requires North-East Monsoon rains	The sowing requires South-west Monsoon rain.
iii)	Wheat, barley, grain linseed are the main Rabi crops.	Risce, Jowar, ragi, cotton, groundnuts,tobacco are the main Kharif crops.

 

4. What are the conditions required for sugarcane cultivations?
Ans: a) Sugarcane is an annual crop and it is grown in irrigated areas.

b) It requires high temperature of 21°C to 26°C and heavy rainfall ranging from 100 to 150cm per annum.

c) It thrives best in alluvial and loamy soil.

d) The most important sugarcane producing states are uttarpradesh, Maharastra, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Gujarat, and Andhra pradesh.

 

5. What are the beverage crops? Give examples.
Ans: The crops which are used to produce stimulating drinks are called ‘beverage crops’. Eg: Coffee, tea etc.

 

6. Explain the role of Horticulture in India.

Ans: The intensive cultivation of fruit, vegetables, flower,
medicinal and aromatic plants is called Horticulture. In India horticulture provides an incentive for making agriculture more profitable through efficient land-use, optimum utilization of natural resources and generating skilled employment for the rural masses. It enhances exports and provides nutritional security.

India with its wide variety of climate and soil has good potential for growing a variety of horticultural crops. Now, India has emerged as an important producer of horticultural crops. It is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world next to China. Its share in the global production of fruits is 11% and that of vegetables is 7percent.

Horticulture is carried on mainly in Andhra Pradesh, Haryana,
Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh