10th Standard Social Global Problems and India's Role

 

Global Problems and India’s Role

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Human Rights Day is celebrated on 10th December

2. India has been arguing in favour of Human Rights since 19th century.

3. Nelson Mandela fought against Apartheid in South Africa.

4. Human Rights involve right to equality also.

 

II. Discuss in groups and answer:

1. What were the major prolems that emerged after World War II ?

Ans: The main problems the world faced after the second world war were human rights, armaments race, economic inequality, racism and terrorism etc.

 

2. Explain the struggle lead by India for the implementation of Human Rights.

Ans: Human activists throughout history have upheld birth rights of human beings. On 10th December, 1948 the UNO declared the Human Rights. It was the turning point in our struggle against the denial of human rights. Our nation has always championed the cause of Universal Human Rights. India has provided for fundamental rights in the constitution its and thereby played a vital role in throwing light on this issue. Even in UN General Assembly India always upheld the cause of basic rights of human beings, all over the world.

 

3. Arm race leads to total destruction of the world. In this background, what are the effects of Arms race?

Ans: The arms race will lead to world destruction because

a) It leads to evils like global level fear, insecurity, tension and even to the situation of war.

b) If war breaks out, heavy casualties took place due to the use of arms and ammunition.

c) The arms race destroys the very economic structure of those countries which take part in the wars.

d) After all arms race is the most dangerous symptom of the destruction of the world.

 

4. What are the features of economically backward countries? What are the reasons for this backwardness ?

Ans: The features of economic backwardness of nations are the shortage of food, capital, technology, medical facilities, lack of higher educational amenities and increase in population etc.

The reasons for the backwardness of nations are:

a) They were the colonies of European nations.

b) The Europeans established their power and rule in their colonial countries and exploited their natural resources and sent them to their mother countries.

c) The Europeans did not give any attention towards the progress of their colonial countries. Instead of they destroyed their economic structure and left them economically backward. They hampered entirely the progress of those colonial countries.

d) Even today the colonial countries after they got independence, they could not achieve their economic progress because lack of sufficient capital to develop agriculture, industry, transport, communication, science education and health, etc.

 

5. What are the measures taken up by India to eradicate economic inequality?

Ans: a) India insisted that the developed countries should provide assistance to developing countries without any conditions.

b) This helped the poor nations to protect their self-respect. It tried to channel monetary help to the ‘Third world countries’. The word ‘Third World’ denotes poverty and non-development.

c) These countries are trying to come out of the shortages of food, capital, health, education and many other issues.

d) Meanwhile, the excess spending open economy, globalisation promoted by the developed world is taxing the poor nations w ith increasing pollution and inability to manage the increasing problems.

 

6. Apartheid is against Humanism. How do you substantiate this statement?

Ans: a) Racial discrimination and inhuman treatment of non – white races have been considered a bane on world civilization.

b) Europeans started building vast empires on the eastern and western parts of the globe.

c) Thus, the so called races brown, black, and even yellow, hailing from African, Asian, and the American countries were looked down upon by the whites.

d) The Europeans started coining the phrase “white Man’s Burden” to civilise the world.

e) This type of racism was inhuman and unethical. However. Racism or Apartheid policy persisted for a long time in the world in spite of many reforms.