10th Social Notes (Indian Water Resources)

10^thIndian Water Resources

I. Fill in the blanks with suitable answers.

1. River Indus rises near Kailash Mountain (Tibet).
2. The longest river in South India is Godavari River.
3. Hirakud project is built across Mahanadi river.
4. Is the longest tributary of the Ganga is Yamuna.
5. The Kosi project is a joint venture of India and Nepal.

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following questions.

1. Explain the Brahmaputra river system?

Ans: The Brahmaputra rises near lake Manasa Sarovar (Tibet), and flows towards the east. It enters India through a narrow gorge in Arunachal Pradesh. Then it flows to the west and turns to the South in Bangla desh where it joins the Ganga. Its length is 2589 kms.

 

2. What is irrigation? Mention its main types in India?

Ans: The artificial supply of water for the purpose of agriculture is called irrigation. It refers to the supply of water to agricultural land from rivers, reservoirs, tanks or from underground sources. The important types of irrigations in India are wells, canals and tanks.

 

3. Why is irrigation important in India?

Ans: Tndia is an agricultural country. Therefore it needs a regular and sufficient supply of water. Agriculture in India depends mainly on monsoon rainfall. It is seasonal, uncertain and unevenly distributed. There are certain crops which require a larger and regular water supply, such as Rice, Sugarcane, etc., Besides to increase the yield and production of crops required regular supply of water. This can be provided only by irrigation which is very essential in India.

 

4. What is Multi-Purpose River Valley Project?

Ans: The river valley projects which provide multiple benefits are called “Multipurpose river valley projects”.
Ex: To provide water for irrigation , to control floods hydroelectric and power generation etc.

 

5. Write a note on Almatti River Valley Project.

Ans: The Almatti dam is constructed near Almatti village inBasavana Bagewadi taluk and the Narayanapura dam is located near Siddapur village in Muddebihal taluk of Vijayapura district. Bagalkot, Vijayapura, Kalburgi, Yadgir and parts of Belagavi districts benefit from this project.

 

6. Explain the importance- and distribution of well irrigation.

Ans: Nearly 60.7% of the total irrigated area is from well irrigation.

Well irrigation is possible even in areas of low rainfall, it is cheap and easy to dig wells and they do not required superior technology.

It is easy even for small farmers to dig wells.

 Well irrigation is largely practiced in the Ganga plains including Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal.

 In South India well irrigation is widely practiced in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Odisha.

 

III. Match the following projects in A with states B

A	B
1. Nagarjuna Sagar	a) Karnataka	c
2. Bhakra-Nangal	b) Himachal Pradesh	b
3. Hirakud	c) Telangana	d
4. Tungabhadra	d) Odisha	a