10th Social Notes (Social Stratification)

 10^th  Social Stratification

I. Fill in the blanks with appropriate answers:

1. Minority Communities are allowed to establish educational institutions under article 30th of the constitution.

2. The Practice of untouchability is prohibited by article 17^th.

3. The Untouchability Crimes act implemented in the year 1955.

 

II. Discuss in groups and answer the following:

1. What are the reasons for Social Inequality?

Ans: The fact that people are stratified according to various qualities (Gender, Caste, Profession, Class and Race) is the proof of Social Inequality. The Social Inequalities are Income sources, Education and Professional opportunities, health facilities and political representation and participation. This means Social inequality is the result of already present unequal social opportunities. For example, by neglecting the social service sectors like Public Health system, Public education and social security; the life of the poor is made difficult.

 

2. How does gender discrimination take place?

Ans: Gender Inequality is one of the various Social Inequalities gets formed. In reality, our social perspectives are interdependent. It means one person’s thoughts are influenced by other’s thoughts. Such influences on an individual are may be due to the thoughts of the family members or from the neighbors. Hence, the motivational issues supporting the education of a boy or a girl has more in the social sphere of human life. There is more gender-based inequality in access to school education, food, and health facilities.

 

3. What are the features of Social Stratification?

Ans: Features of Social Stratification:

a)         Social Stratification is social in nature: The Stratification is based on the social recognition and importance but not on any physical traits like height, beauty and strength; but it is based on his education, income profession, skill and other social traits.

b) The Social Stratification is Universal: Social stratification is universal. Whenever human society exits, social stratification exists based on the division of labor, profession, income and other social traits.

c) Social Stratification is ancient: The Social Stratification is in existence since the birth of human society. Social Stratification is found in Nomadic society as well as the modern civilized societies.

d) Social Stratification exists in different ways: The Social Stratification exists in different names in different areas.

 

4. How is Untouchability a social evil? Discuss.

Ans: In the beginning, the Varna System was present in the Indian Society. It is believed that it started during the Vedic period. ‘Four Varna System’ is a system of social division. It is said that it is based on Karma theory. Brahmana, Kshtriya, Vysya and Shudra – are four varnas. All the people who belong to these four groups are expected to perform their respective roles.

The fifth group which were considered as untouchables, were never considered as humans. The practice of untouchability has its beginning in Varna System. The untouchables were expected to carry the night soil, dead animals and other filthy jobs according to B. Kuppuswamy. They were assigned the lowest possible position in the Caste system. Their birth was the main reason for this restriction on their social mobility. Untouchables were kept out of education for many centuries. They were not supposed to listen to Veda recitation nor recite them also. They were barred from learning Sanskrit.

They were not supposed to learn about religious texts. They were kept outside the ambit of education. Ambedkar could come up with more provisions and directives in the draft version of the constitution of India. And he is rightly called “The Chief Architect of the Indian Constitution.