6th Social Notes (Rise of New Religions)

 

Rise of New Religions

 I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words:

1. Gouthama Buddha was born in Lumbini

2. Gouthama Buddha preached his teaching in Pali language.

3. Jina means ‘One who has conquered attachment’ (Moha).

4. Parashvanatha was the 23rd Theerthankara of Jainism.

5. The sect which wears white cloths belongs to Swethambara

sect of Jainism.

 

II. Answer the following in a sentence each:

1. Where was Gouthama Buddha born?
Ans: Gouthama Buddha was born at Lumbini near Kapilavastu in Nepal.

 

2. Who were the parents of Gouthama Buddha?
Ans: Buddha’s parents were king Shudodhana of Shakya republic and his mother was Queen Mayadevi.

 

3.Where did the Buddha give his first sermon?
Ans: At Sarnath near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh.

 

4. What is the meaning of ‘Dharma parivarthana’?
Ans: ‘Dharma Chakra Parivarthana’ is the incident in which Buddha preached his thought to fire disciples at Sarnath near Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh for the first time.

 

5. Where as Mahaveera born?
Ans: Mahaveera was born at Kundagrama near Vaishali.

 

6. Who were the parents of Mahaveera?
Ans: Mahaveeras parents were Siddhartha, a rich Kshtriya of Kundagrama and Trishala Devi.

7. What did Mahaveera preach?

Ans: Mahadeeva preached the five fold path to Nirvana. They are Ahimsa (non-violence), sathya (truth), Asteya (non-stealing), Aparigraha (non-possession beyond the need) and Brahmacharya (celibacy).

 

8. Which are the sects of Jainism?
Ans: Swethambara and Digambara are the sects of Jainism.

 

9. Name the important republics of ancient India.
Ans: Vajji (Vriji) is the important republics of ancient India.

 

III. Discuss:

1. What are the teachings of Buddha?

Ans: Buddha taught his followers to the eight fold path (Astanga Marga) to salvation (Nirvana). He preached them to attain knowledge by practicing purity in fife and thoughts (Dharma). He said that desire was the reason for sorrow and one who wins over desire will attain liberation (Nirvana).

The eight fold path includes:

a) right view            b) right resolve

c) right speech          d) right action

e) right livelihood       f) right effort

g) right mindfulness    i) right concentration

 

Buddha also preached his followers to abstain from liquor, violence, corruption and untruthfulness.

 

IV. Match the words in column ‘A’with the related words in column ‘B’:

A	B
1. Gouthama Buddha	Republic	c
2. Mahaveera	The sacred books of Buddhist	e
3. Vajji	Religious centre of Jainism	d
4. sharavanabelagola	The founder of Buddhism	a
5. Thripitaka	The founder of Jainism	b